Science - Earth Science

Earth Science



Earths crust is the coolest layer, while the inner core is the hottest.

There are two parts of the mantle, the upper mantle and the lower mantle. The lower is hotter, and convection currents cause heat from the bottom half to rise to the top, heating the crust and causing movement in the tectonic plates of Earth.




In the 1950's, Alfred Wegener thought up the theory of Plate Tectonics. He believed that the continents of North America, South America, Africa, Antarctica, Africa, India, Australia, Europe, and Asia all used to be connected in one big super continent called Pangea. He had lots of evidence backing this theory, but the strongest is the fossil evidence. All animals of the fossils mentioned were land animals, so they couldn't swim over oceans. Fossil remains of Cynognathus were found in both South America and Africa. Remains of Mesosaurus were found in South America and Africa. Traces of Lystrosaurus were found in India, Africa, and Antarctica. And most importantly, Fossils of Glossopteris were found in all five of the continents: South America, Africa, India, Australia, AND Antarctica.